Gauss's Law
Claimed by Kel Johnson
One of Maxwell's Equations, formulated by Carl Friedrich Gauss. Gauss's Law, also known as Gauss's flux theorem, discusses the relationship between electric charge and the surrounding field caused by the charge.
The Main Idea
The idea of Gauss's Law is that the electric flux out of a closed surface is equivalent to the charge enclosed, divided by the permittivity. There is a near identical law to this law, known as Gauss's law for Magnetism. The variation found is that magnetic fields are used instead of electric fields in the calculations. Also, Gauss's Law for Gravity is very similar as well. To state it again, the electric flux passing through a closed surface is the same as the charge enclosed, divided by permittivity of the surface. This implies that the electric flux is proportional to the total charge enclosed. Any closed surface can be have Gauss's Law applied to it. For symmetrically shaped objects, Gauss's Law greatly simplifies calculation of electric field enclosed by surface.
A Mathematical Model
A very helpful and clear summary of this Law can be found in the diagram below. As can be seen, change in flux equals electric field multiplied by change in area.
To more clearly state it, the formula for this Law is the electric flux equals the total charge contained by a closed surface, divided by the permittivity (epsilon zero).
A Computational Model
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References
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html