Mass - Revision history

Kquillian at 00:55, 7 November 2025

2025-11-07T00:55:16Z

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			KYLEIGH QUILLIAN FALL 2025

	Mass is an intrinsic property of physical bodies that exist in 3-dimensional space. Mass is the measurement of the amount of matter a physical body possesses and is an underlying fundamental concept that governs several physical behaviors through concepts such as [[Gravitational Force\|gravity]], [[Inertia\|inertia]], and [[Rest Mass Energy\|rest energy]].		Mass is an intrinsic property of physical bodies that exist in 3-dimensional space. Mass is the measurement of the amount of matter a physical body possesses and is an underlying fundamental concept that governs several physical behaviors through concepts such as [[Gravitational Force\|gravity]], [[Inertia\|inertia]], and [[Rest Mass Energy\|rest energy]].

YorickAndeweg: /* Connectedness */

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Connectedness

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	==Connectedness==		==Connectedness==

	In addition to being a value of interest in and of itself, properties such as [[Linear Momentum]], [[Total Angular Momentum\|Angular Momentum]], [[The Moments of Inertia\|Moments of Inertia]], [[Gravitational Force]], and [[Kinetic Energy]] depend on the ~~mass~~ of objects.		In addition to being a value of interest in and of itself, properties such as [[Linear Momentum]], [[Total Angular Momentum\|Angular Momentum]], [[The Moments of Inertia\|Moments of Inertia]], [[Gravitational Force]], and [[Kinetic Energy]] depend on the masses of objects.

	The use of ~~velocity~~ in calculations has a wide range of industrial applications including ~~calculating travel time, determining safe operating speeds~~ of ~~vehicles and other machines, vehicle collision testing~~, determining the ~~inertial forces experienced by roller coaster riders~~, and the ~~design~~ of ~~equipment~~ such as ~~radar guns. The velocity of moving parts is important in virtually every type of machinery~~.		The use of mass in calculations has a wide range of industrial applications including measuring the quantity of a substance, determining the energy necessary to move an object, and calculating the inertia of moving machines such as vehicles to determine adequate braking force.

	==History==		==History==

YorickAndeweg: /* History */

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History

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	The average atomic mass of an element is the average atomic mass of its different isotopes weighted by the relative abundance of those isotopes on earth. These are the atomic mass values that appear on periodic tables. They are often used to convert samples of an element between moles and mass because isotope ratios in a typical sample of most elements reflect their relative abundances on earth. This means that in a natural sample of an element, one can treat every atom as though it has the average atomic mass of that element for the sake of converting between moles and mass.		The average atomic mass of an element is the average atomic mass of its different isotopes weighted by the relative abundance of those isotopes on earth. These are the atomic mass values that appear on periodic tables. They are often used to convert samples of an element between moles and mass because isotope ratios in a typical sample of most elements reflect their relative abundances on earth. This means that in a natural sample of an element, one can treat every atom as though it has the average atomic mass of that element for the sake of converting between moles and mass.

			==Connectedness==

			In addition to being a value of interest in and of itself, properties such as [[Linear Momentum]], [[Total Angular Momentum\|Angular Momentum]], [[The Moments of Inertia\|Moments of Inertia]], [[Gravitational Force]], and [[Kinetic Energy]] depend on the mass of objects.

			The use of velocity in calculations has a wide range of industrial applications including calculating travel time, determining safe operating speeds of vehicles and other machines, vehicle collision testing, determining the inertial forces experienced by roller coaster riders, and the design of equipment such as radar guns. The velocity of moving parts is important in virtually every type of machinery.

	==History==		==History==

YorickAndeweg: /* See also */

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YorickAndeweg: /* See also */

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YorickAndeweg: /* History */

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History

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	==History==		==History==

	A basic understanding of the idea of mass was commonplace well before the common era, as evidenced by the use of scales to measure quantities of substances such as grain. The invention and use of the scale required knowledge that the weight of a sample of a substance is directly proportional to the amount of that substance. The active gravitational properties of mass were investigated in the 17th century by Galileo Galilei, Robert Hooke, and Isaac Newton, who discovered that the gravitational force between two objects was inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Around the same time, Ernst Mach and Newton discovered the direct relationship between mass and inertia. The role of mass in relativity was discovered by Albert Einstein in the early 20th century. In 1964, Peter Higgs and his lab proposed that a particle called the Higgs boson endows particles with mass through a quantum interaction, an idea that was supported by observational results generated by the Large Hadron Collider in 2013.		A basic understanding of the idea of mass was commonplace well before the common era, as evidenced by the use of scales to measure quantities of substances such as grain. The invention and use of the scale required knowledge that the weight of a sample of a substance is directly proportional to the amount of that substance<sup>[[#References\|7]]</sup>. The active gravitational properties of mass were investigated in the 17th century by Galileo Galilei, Robert Hooke, and Isaac Newton, who discovered that the gravitational force between two objects was inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Around the same time, Ernst Mach and Newton discovered the direct relationship between mass and inertia. The role of mass in relativity was discovered by Albert Einstein in the early 20th century. In 1964, Peter Higgs and his lab proposed that a particle called the Higgs boson endows particles with mass through a quantum interaction, an idea that was supported by observational results generated by the Large Hadron Collider in 2013<sup>[[#References\|8]]</sup>.

	== See also ==		== See also ==

YorickAndeweg: /* References */

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References

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	# "Mass and Weight." Mass, Weight, Density. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Nov. 2016.		# "Mass and Weight." Mass, Weight, Density. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Nov. 2016.
	# "The Motion of the Center of Mass." 183_notes:center_of_mass [Projects & Practices in Physics]. (2015, September 27). Retrieved April 09, 2017, from http://p3server.pa.msu.edu/coursewiki/doku.php?id=183_notes%3Acenter_of_mass		# "The Motion of the Center of Mass." 183_notes:center_of_mass [Projects & Practices in Physics]. (2015, September 27). Retrieved April 09, 2017, from http://p3server.pa.msu.edu/coursewiki/doku.php?id=183_notes%3Acenter_of_mass
			# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass#Pre-Newtonian_concepts
			# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_mechanism


	[[Category:Properties of Matter]]		[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

YorickAndeweg: /* History */

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History

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	==History==		==History==

	~~===Ancient~~ understanding~~===~~		A basic understanding of the idea of mass was commonplace well before the common era, as evidenced by the use of scales to measure quantities of substances such as grain. The invention and use of the scale required knowledge that the weight of a sample of a substance is directly proportional to the amount of that substance. The active gravitational properties of mass were investigated in the 17th century by Galileo Galilei, Robert Hooke, and Isaac Newton, who discovered that the gravitational force between two objects was inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Around the same time, Ernst Mach and Newton discovered the direct relationship between mass and inertia. The role of mass in relativity was discovered by Albert Einstein in the early 20th century. In 1964, Peter Higgs and his lab proposed that a particle called the Higgs boson endows particles with mass through a quantum interaction, an idea that was supported by observational results generated by the Large Hadron Collider in 2013.

	~~The~~ idea ~~about~~ the ~~"amount" of something and its relationship to weight predates recorded history. Humans~~, ~~at some early prehistoric time, recognized~~ the ~~weight~~ of ~~a group of objects and its direct proportionality~~ to ~~the number~~ of ~~objects in the group~~. The ~~most direct~~ and ~~widely supported evidence~~ of ~~this is~~ the ~~discovery of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighing_scale weighing scales] in early civilization trade. However, there exists no evidence~~ that ~~any of these civilizations recognized~~ the ~~[[#Mass versus Weight\|distinction between mass and~~ weight~~]], since the effects~~ of ~~[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_of_Earth Earth's gravity] near the surface ensures that the weight and mass~~ of ~~an object are~~ directly proportional.

	~~===Origin of Mass===~~

	~~A question in many people's minds is "where did mass first come from?" The Higgs Boson is~~ the ~~most accepted explanation as~~ of ~~today. This is a particle that is said to be responsible for giving other particles mass. These particles make up a field~~ that ~~slow other particles down enough to allow them to stick together~~.

	~~===Pre-Newtonian Concepts===~~

	The ~~idea about~~ the ~~"amount" of something~~ and ~~its relationship to weight predates recorded history. Humans~~, ~~at some early prehistoric time, recognized~~ the ~~weight of a group of~~ objects ~~and its direct proportionality~~ to the ~~number~~ of ~~objects in~~ the ~~group~~. ~~The most~~ direct and ~~widely supported evidence~~ of ~~this is~~ the ~~discovery of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighing_scale weighing scales] in~~ early ~~civilization trade~~. ~~However~~, ~~there exists no evidence~~ that ~~any of these civilizations recognized~~ the ~~[[#Mass versus Weight\|distinction between~~ mass ~~and weight]]~~, ~~since the effects of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_of_Earth Earth's gravity] near the surface ensures~~ that the ~~weight and mass of an object are directly proportional~~.

	== See also ==		== See also ==

YorickAndeweg: /* History */

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History

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	==History==		==History==

			===Ancient understanding===

			The idea about the "amount" of something and its relationship to weight predates recorded history. Humans, at some early prehistoric time, recognized the weight of a group of objects and its direct proportionality to the number of objects in the group. The most direct and widely supported evidence of this is the discovery of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighing_scale weighing scales] in early civilization trade. However, there exists no evidence that any of these civilizations recognized the [[#Mass versus Weight\|distinction between mass and weight]], since the effects of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_of_Earth Earth's gravity] near the surface ensures that the weight and mass of an object are directly proportional.

	===Origin of Mass===		===Origin of Mass===

	A question in many people's minds is "where did mass first come from?" The Higgs Boson is the most accepted explanation as of today. This is a particle that is said to be responsible for giving other particles mass. These particles make up a field that slow other particles down enough to allow them to stick together.		A question in many people's minds is "where did mass first come from?" The Higgs Boson is the most accepted explanation as of today. This is a particle that is said to be responsible for giving other particles mass. These particles make up a field that slow other particles down enough to allow them to stick together.

	===Pre-Newtonian Concepts===		===Pre-Newtonian Concepts===

	The idea about the "amount" of something and its relationship to weight predates recorded history. Humans, at some early prehistoric time, recognized the weight of a group of objects and its direct proportionality to the number of objects in the group. The most direct and widely supported evidence of this is the discovery of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighing_scale weighing scales] in early civilization trade. However, there exists no evidence that any of these civilizations recognized the [[#Mass versus Weight\|distinction between mass and weight]], since the effects of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_of_Earth Earth's gravity] near the surface ensures that the weight and mass of an object are directly proportional.		The idea about the "amount" of something and its relationship to weight predates recorded history. Humans, at some early prehistoric time, recognized the weight of a group of objects and its direct proportionality to the number of objects in the group. The most direct and widely supported evidence of this is the discovery of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighing_scale weighing scales] in early civilization trade. However, there exists no evidence that any of these civilizations recognized the [[#Mass versus Weight\|distinction between mass and weight]], since the effects of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_of_Earth Earth's gravity] near the surface ensures that the weight and mass of an object are directly proportional.

YorickAndeweg: /* Deformation of Spacetime */

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Deformation of Spacetime

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	<i>Main page: [[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]</i>		<i>Main page: [[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]</i>

	~~[[ Image:SpacetimeCurvature.jpg \| thumb \| right \| 200px \| A 3-D visualization of the planet Earth deforming spacetime. Credit to NASA for the image. ]]~~
	The deformation of spacetime is a relativistic phenomenon that is the result of the existence of mass<sup>[[#References\|2]]</sup>.		The deformation of spacetime is a relativistic phenomenon that is the result of the existence of mass<sup>[[#References\|2]]</sup>.

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	* [[Inertia]]		* [[Inertia]]
	* [[Rest Mass Energy]]		* [[Rest Mass Energy]]
			* [[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]
	* [[Sir Isaac Newton]]		* [[Sir Isaac Newton]]
	* [[Einstein~~'s Theory of Special Relativity~~]]		* [[Albert Einstein]]

	==References==		==References==

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	== See also ==		== See also ==
	* [[Kinds of Matter]]
	* [[Gravitational Force]]		* [[Gravitational Force]]
	* [[Inertia]]		* [[Inertia]]