Physics Book - User contributions [en]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T03:36:25Z

Ntaylor37: /* Further reading */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

In 1741, Anders Celsius defined his temperature scale on the melting and boiling temperature of water.
Although Celsius did not discover the thermometer – both Philo and Hero of Alexandria (who also mentioned steam power in 50 BC) described such a principle – his design was much more precise than any previous such invention.
Celsius scaled his measurements as 0 for boiling point and 100 for freezing point but the order was later reversed.

== See also ==

For information on melting point, a very similar property, see [[Melting Point]]

===Further reading===

An article from Purdue:

[https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/boil.html Boiling]

An article out of the Britannica Online Encyclopedia:

[http://www.britannica.com/science/boiling-point Boiling Point]

===External links===

See Below

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]
[http://didyouknow.org/celsius/ Boiling Point of Water]
[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T03:35:41Z

Ntaylor37: /* Further reading */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

In 1741, Anders Celsius defined his temperature scale on the melting and boiling temperature of water.
Although Celsius did not discover the thermometer – both Philo and Hero of Alexandria (who also mentioned steam power in 50 BC) described such a principle – his design was much more precise than any previous such invention.
Celsius scaled his measurements as 0 for boiling point and 100 for freezing point but the order was later reversed.

== See also ==

For information on melting point, a very similar property, see [[Melting Point]]

===Further reading===

[https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/boil.html Boiling]

[http://www.britannica.com/science/boiling-point Boiling Point]

===External links===

See Below

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]
[http://didyouknow.org/celsius/ Boiling Point of Water]
[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:51:21Z

Ntaylor37: /* A Computational Model */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

In 1741, Anders Celsius defined his temperature scale on the melting and boiling temperature of water.
Although Celsius did not discover the thermometer – both Philo and Hero of Alexandria (who also mentioned steam power in 50 BC) described such a principle – his design was much more precise than any previous such invention.
Celsius scaled his measurements as 0 for boiling point and 100 for freezing point but the order was later reversed.

== See also ==

For information on melting point, a very similar property, see [[Melting Point]]

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

See Below

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]
[http://didyouknow.org/celsius/ Boiling Point of Water]
[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:48:24Z

Ntaylor37: /* A Computational Model */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

[https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/bpgraph.gif Graph of Pressure vs. BP]

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

In 1741, Anders Celsius defined his temperature scale on the melting and boiling temperature of water.
Although Celsius did not discover the thermometer – both Philo and Hero of Alexandria (who also mentioned steam power in 50 BC) described such a principle – his design was much more precise than any previous such invention.
Celsius scaled his measurements as 0 for boiling point and 100 for freezing point but the order was later reversed.

== See also ==

For information on melting point, a very similar property, see [[Melting Point]]

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

See Below

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]
[http://didyouknow.org/celsius/ Boiling Point of Water]
[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:43:16Z

Ntaylor37: /* References */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

In 1741, Anders Celsius defined his temperature scale on the melting and boiling temperature of water.
Although Celsius did not discover the thermometer – both Philo and Hero of Alexandria (who also mentioned steam power in 50 BC) described such a principle – his design was much more precise than any previous such invention.
Celsius scaled his measurements as 0 for boiling point and 100 for freezing point but the order was later reversed.

== See also ==

For information on melting point, a very similar property, see [[Melting Point]]

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

See Below

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]
[http://didyouknow.org/celsius/ Boiling Point of Water]
[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:42:11Z

Ntaylor37: /* History */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

In 1741, Anders Celsius defined his temperature scale on the melting and boiling temperature of water.
Although Celsius did not discover the thermometer – both Philo and Hero of Alexandria (who also mentioned steam power in 50 BC) described such a principle – his design was much more precise than any previous such invention.
Celsius scaled his measurements as 0 for boiling point and 100 for freezing point but the order was later reversed.

== See also ==

For information on melting point, a very similar property, see [[Melting Point]]

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

See Below

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]

[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:39:22Z

Ntaylor37: /* See also */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

For information on melting point, a very similar property, see [[Melting Point]]

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

See Below

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]

[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:38:28Z

Ntaylor37: /* External links */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

See Below

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]

[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:38:03Z

Ntaylor37: /* References */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

[http://www.ehow.com/info_8344665_uses-boiling-point-elevation.html Uses of Boiling Point Elevation]
[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation.html Boiling Point Elevation]
[https://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/majors/tutorialnotefiles/intext.htm Chemistry Basics]
[http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch14/melting.php Melting Point, Freezing Point, Boiling Point]

[[Category:Properties of Matter]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:34:18Z

Ntaylor37: /* Connectedness */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system.
One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated.
A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:33:36Z

Ntaylor37: /* Connectedness */

==The Main Idea==

The main idea of this page is a description of the property of matter that is it's boiling point. In short, the boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure on the liquid.

===A Mathematical Model===

The main mathematical model for this property is the boiling point elevation equation. This equation takes into account the effect that adding a solute to a solvent has on it's boiling point. For example ΔT = i K<sub>b</sub>m, where ΔT is the temperature difference that arises from adding the solute, i is the van 't Hoff factor which is equivalent to the number of substances a molecule ionizes into (i.e NaCl is 2, sugar is 1, MgCl<sub>2</sub> is 3), K<sub>b</sub> is a thermodynamic constant relating to the solvent, and m is the molality.

===A Computational Model===

Creating a computational model for this equation would be pretty easy, you would first have to initialize the constants, which would be i, K<sub>b</sub>, and either m or the information that goes into calculating molality.

K = ???

m = moles of solute/mass of solvent

i = ???

ΔT = i*K*m

==Examples==

An example of an easy, middling and difficult problem are included in the link below. An easy example would be problems 3-5, a middling example would be problems 6, 8, 9, and 10. A difficult example would be the bonus problems.

[http://www.chemteam.info/Solutions/BP-elevation-probs1-to-10.html Boiling Point Elevation]

==Connectedness==
Boiling point in itself is very important in many every day processes and especially in my major (chemical engineering). It is a very important property that often helps to solve many problems about a system. One universal use for boiling point elevation is in cooking. Adding a solute such as salt to water that you are trying to boil will cause it to be hotter than it would be otherwise when the boiling point has not been elevated. A large amount of solute would be necessary to acquire an appreciable increase, however there is a very small increase no matter how much you use. Boiling point elevation is also used in sugar refining; at some points during the process the syrup is boiled and the temperature at which it boils depends on the concentration of sugar at that time.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:27:06Z

Ntaylor37: /* Examples */

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:18:30Z

Ntaylor37: /* A Computational Model */

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:17:30Z

Ntaylor37: /* A Computational Model */

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:12:36Z

Ntaylor37: /* A Mathematical Model */

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:09:03Z

Ntaylor37: /* A Mathematical Model */

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T02:08:06Z

Ntaylor37:

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T01:14:32Z

Ntaylor37:

Boiling Point

2015-12-01T01:09:36Z

Ntaylor37: Created page with "Boiling Point Claimed by Natalie Taylor"

Boiling Point

Claimed by Natalie Taylor

Main Page

2015-12-01T01:07:46Z

Ntaylor37: /* Properties of Matter */

__NOTOC__
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!

Looking to make a contribution?
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.

Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.

== Source Material ==
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]

== Organizing Categories ==
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Interactions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Kinds of Matter]]
*[[Detecting Interactions]]
*[[Fundamental Interactions]]
*[[System & Surroundings]]
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]
*[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]
*[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]
*[[Gravitational Force]]
*[[Electric Force]]
*[[Terminal Speed]]
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]
*[[Speed and Velocity]]
*[[Electric Polarization]]

</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Theory===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]
*[[Quantum Theory]]
*[[Big Bang Theory]]

</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Notable Scientists===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Albert Einstein]]
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]
*[[Joseph Henry]]
*[[Michael Faraday]]
*[[J.J. Thomson]]
*[[James Maxwell]]
*[[Robert Hooke]]
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]
*[[Nikola Tesla]]
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]
*[[Enrico Fermi]]
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]
*[[Niels Bohr]]
*[[Georg Ohm]]
*[[Galileo Galilei]]
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]
*[[Max Planck]]
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]
*[[Edwin Hall]]
*[[James Watt]]
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]
*[[Sir David Brewster]]
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]
*[[William Thomson]]
*[[Leonhard Euler]]
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]
*[[Stephen Hawking]]
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Properties of Matter===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Mass]]
*[[Velocity]]
*[[Relative Velocity]]
*[[Density]]
*[[Charge]]
*[[Spin]]
*[[SI Units]]
*[[Heat Capacity]]
*[[Specific Heat]]
*[[Wavelength]]
*[[Conductivity]]
*[[Weight]]
*[[Boiling Point]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Contact Interactions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Young's Modulus]]
* [[Friction]]
* [[Tension]]
* [[Hooke's Law]]
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Momentum===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Vectors]]
* [[Kinematics]]
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]
* [[Momentum Principle]]
* [[Impulse Momentum]]
* [[Curving Motion]]
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]
* [[Iterative Prediction]]
* [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]
* [[Net Force]]
* [[Center of Mass]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Angular Momentum===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]
* [[Rotation]]
* [[Torque]]
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]
* [[Right Hand Rule]]
* [[Angular Velocity]]
* [[Predicting a Change in Rotation]]
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]

</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Energy===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[The Energy Principle]]
*[[Predicting Change]]
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]
*[[Kinetic Energy]]
*[[Potential Energy]]
*[[Work]]
*[[Thermal Energy]]
*[[Conservation of Energy]]
*[[Electric Potential]]
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]
*[[Point Particle Systems]]
*[[Real Systems]]
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]
*[[Internal Energy]]
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]
*[[Power]]
*[[Energy Graphs]]
*[[Air Resistance]]
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]
*[[Quantized Energy Levels]]
*[[Energy Density]]
*[[Relativistic Kinetic Energy]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Collisions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Collisions]]
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]
*[[Elastic Collisions]]
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Fields===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Electric Field]] of a
** [[Point Charge]]
** [[Electric Dipole]]
** [[Capacitor]]
** [[Charged Rod]]
** [[Charged Ring]]
** [[Charged Disk]]
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]
** [[Charged Cylinder]]
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]
*[[Electric Potential]]
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]
*[[Electric Force]]
*[[Polarization]]
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]
*[[Magnetic Field]]
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]
**[[Bar Magnet]]
**[[Magnetic Force]]
**[[Hall Effect]]
**[[Lorentz Force]]
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]
**[[Sparks in Air]]
**[[Motional Emf]]
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]
**[[Moving Point Charge]]
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]
**[[Motors and Generators]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Simple Circuits===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Components]]
*[[Steady State]]
*[[Non Steady State]]
*[[Node Rule]]
*[[Loop Rule]]
*[[Power in a circuit]]
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]
*[[Current]]
*[[Ohm's Law]]
*[[Series Circuits]]
*[[RC]]
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]
*[[RL Circuit]]
*[[LC Circuit]]
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]
*[[Feedback]]
*[[Transformers]]
*[[Kirchoff's Circuit Laws]]
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Maxwell's Equations===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]
**[[Electric Fields]]
**[[Magnetic Fields]]
*[[Ampere's Law]]
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]
*[[Faraday's Law]]
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]
**[[Inductance]]
**[[Lenz's Law]]
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]
*[[Superconductors]]
**[[Meissner effect]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Radiation===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]
*[[Lenses]]
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]
*[[Snell's Law]]
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Sound===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Doppler Effect]]
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]
*[[Resonance]]
*[[Sound Barrier]]
</div>
</div>
*[[blahb]]
</div>
</div>

== Resources ==
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]
* An overview of [[VPython]]