Physics Book - User contributions [en]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T21:18:09Z

Hguthrie6: /* References */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

[[File:Atomic Collisions.png|300px|thumb|right|A model of atomic collisions involving an alpha particle]]

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Example 1===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Example 2===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp. One of the best industrial examples of the is the Large Hadron Collider.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

[[File:Gold foil experiment.png|600px|thumb|left|Above is a model of the Gold Foil experiment performed in Rutherford's lab.]]

==References==

"History of Rutherford Experiment". HyperPhysics. Web. 03 Dec. 2015. Retrieved from: <http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hframe.html>.

Chabay, R.W., & Sherwood, B.A. (2015). Collisions. In Fiorillo, J. Editor & Rentrop, A. Editor (Eds.), Matter and Interactions (383-410). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[[Category: Collisions]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T21:10:30Z

Hguthrie6: /* References */

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T20:37:18Z

Hguthrie6: /* See also */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

[[File:Atomic Collisions.png|300px|thumb|right|A model of atomic collisions involving an alpha particle]]

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Example 1===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Example 2===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp. One of the best industrial examples of the is the Large Hadron Collider.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

[[File:Gold foil experiment.png|600px|thumb|left|Above is a model of the Gold Foil experiment performed in Rutherford's lab.]]

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T20:36:56Z

Hguthrie6: /* History */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

[[File:Atomic Collisions.png|300px|thumb|right|A model of atomic collisions involving an alpha particle]]

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Example 1===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Example 2===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp. One of the best industrial examples of the is the Large Hadron Collider.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

[[File:Gold foil experiment.png|600px|thumb|left|Above is a model of the Gold Foil experiment performed in Rutherford's lab.]]

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

File:Gold foil experiment.png

2015-12-05T20:35:12Z

Hguthrie6:

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T20:32:24Z

Hguthrie6: /* Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

[[File:Atomic Collisions.png|300px|thumb|right|A model of atomic collisions involving an alpha particle]]

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Example 1===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Example 2===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp. One of the best industrial examples of the is the Large Hadron Collider.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

File:Atomic Collisions.png

2015-12-05T20:29:55Z

Hguthrie6: A model of atomic collisions.

A model of atomic collisions.

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T20:20:22Z

Hguthrie6: /* Connectedness */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Example 1===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Example 2===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp. One of the best industrial examples of the is the Large Hadron Collider.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T20:17:04Z

Hguthrie6: /* Example Problems */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Example 1===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Example 2===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:48:41Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of <math>{6.6*10^6}</math> eV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

a) <math>{\vec{p_{Au,i}}} = {<0,0,0>}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:45:35Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of <math>{6.6*10^6}</math> eV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

a) <math>{\vec{p_{Au,i}}} = {<0,0,0>}</math>

<math> {K_{α,i}} = {6.6*10^{6}{eV}}{1.6*10^{-19}{\frac{J}{eV}} = {1.056*10^{-12}}{J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:43:15Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of <math>{6.6*10^6}</math> eV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

a) <math>{\vec{p_{Au,i}}} = {<0,0,0>}</math>

<math>{K_{α,i}} = {{6.6*10^6 {eV}}*{1.6 *10^{-19}{\frac{J}{eV}}}}= {1.056*10^{-12}{J}}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:42:21Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of <math>{6.6*10^6}</math> eV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

a) <math>{\vec{p_{Au,i}}} = {<0,0,0>}</math>

<math>{K_{α,i}} = {{6.6*10^6 eV}*{1.6 *10^{-19}{\frac{J}{eV}}}}= {1.056*10^{-12}J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:41:34Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of <math>{6.6*10^6}</math> eV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

a) <math>{\vec{p_{Au,i}}} = {<0,0,0>}</math>

<math>{K_{α,i}}= {6.6*10^6 eV}*{1.6 *10^{-19}{\frac{J}{eV}}}= {1.056*10^{-12} J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:40:56Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of <math>{6.6*10^6}</math> eV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

a) <math>{\vec{p_{Au,i}}} = {<0,0,0>}</math?

<math>{K_{α,i}}= {6.6*10^6 eV}*{1.6 *10^{-19}{\frac{J}{eV}}}= {1.056*10^{-12} J}</math>

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:37:22Z

Hguthrie6: /* Question */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of <math>{6.6*10^6}</math> eV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

a) <math>{\vec{p_{Au,i}}} = {<0,0,0>}</math?

<math>{K_{α,i}}= {

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:36:36Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of 6.6 MeV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

a) <math>{\vec{p_{Au,i}}} = {<0,0,0>}</math?

<math>{K_{α,i}}= {

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:33:00Z

Hguthrie6: /* Difficult */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of 6.6 MeV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T15:32:23Z

Hguthrie6: /* Difficult */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

One of the more difficult examples of atomic collisions is the mathematical calculations of the gold foil experiment.

====Question====

An alpha particle heads toward a gold particle in the -x direction. The gold particle is initially at rest and the alpha particle has an initial kinetic energy of 6.6 MeV. Calculate the following:

a) Initial momentum of each

b) Final momentum of each

c) Final kinetic energy of each

====Solution====

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T14:54:59Z

Hguthrie6:

Claimed by: hguthrie6
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T14:54:08Z

Hguthrie6: /* Examples */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Example Problems==

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:48:38Z

Hguthrie6: /* Simple */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
Two protons start far apart. One has an initial momentum of <math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math> and it approaches the other proton, at rest. The two protons repel each other and one now has a momentum of <math>{<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>. What is the new momentum of the other proton?

====Solution====

<math>{\vec{p_{1,i}}}= {<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,i}}}= {<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{1,f}}}= {<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}= {?} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{tot,i}}}={\vec{p_{tot,f}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+<0,0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}+{\vec{p_{2,f}}}} </math>

<math>{<5.1*10^{-4},0,0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}-<3.5*10^{-4},2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}={\vec{p_{2,f}}} </math>

<math>{\vec{p_{2,f}}}={<1.6*10^{-4},-2.7*10^{-4},0>}{kg*{\frac{m}{s}}}</math>

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:19:01Z

Hguthrie6: /* Middling */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===

===Middling===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:18:44Z

Hguthrie6: /* Simple */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:17:01Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}{J}</math>

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:16:37Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}} = {-3.2*10^{-28}}</math>

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:13:35Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}*{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}}</math>

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:13:09Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}}</math>

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:12:05Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {9*10^{9}}{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}}</math>

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:11:14Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{9*10^{9}}}{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19})}{7.2*10^{-9}}}</math>

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:10:48Z

Hguthrie6: /* Simple */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{9*10^{9}}}{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}*(-1.6*10^{-19}}{7.2*10^{-9}}}</math>

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:10:06Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{9*10^{9}}}{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}-1.6*10^{-19}}{7.2*10^{-9}}}</math>

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:08:37Z

Hguthrie6: /* Solution */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====
<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{+}q_{-}}{r}} </math>

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{9*10^{-9}}}{\frac{1.6*10^{-19}-1.6*10^{-19}}{

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-05T00:02:46Z

Hguthrie6: /* Simple */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
A proton and an electron are a distance <math>{7.2*10^{-9}m}</math> apart. What is the electric potential energy of the system consisting of the proton and the electron?

====Solution====

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-04T03:11:05Z

Hguthrie6: /* Main Idea */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Atomic Collisions Modeled through the Gold Foil Experiment==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy. This showed that atomic collision act as inelastic collision.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-04T03:09:48Z

Hguthrie6: /* History */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this in 1911. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-04T02:56:22Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Computational Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

Much like the mathematical model, the collision can be modeled computationally using the same formulas. In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-04T02:36:03Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Computational Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/embed/glowscript/bc8f4d2b99 Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-04T02:33:45Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Computational Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

In order to view this better, here is a [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-04T02:33:27Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Computational Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

In order to view this better, here is a[https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Rutherford Scattering Model.]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-04T02:01:58Z

Hguthrie6: /* Main Idea */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The alpha particles collided with the gold foil and as a result some experienced deflection and back scattering of some of the particles was observed. This was not originally hypothesized due to the idea that, at most the alpha particle should experience only a 90° scattering angle. This helped lead to the discovery of the nucleus and a highly compact positively charged center. It also validated two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-02T02:20:26Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Mathematical Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. It also validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

Where <math>{\vec{p}}</math> is momentum and <math>{\vec{K}}</math> is kinetic energy.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-02T02:18:44Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Mathematical Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. It also validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

<math> {\vec{p_{α,i}}} = {\vec{p_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{p_{Au,f}}} </math>

<math> {\vec{K_{α,i}}} = {\vec{K_{α,f}}}+ {\vec{K_{Au,f}}} </math>

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-02T02:04:25Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Mathematical Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. It also validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

In this instance the charge of the alpha particle is equal to 2e and the charge of the gold particle is equal to 79e.

Another important part of atomic collisions is that they are inelastic collisions. This is shown by the conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy.
Take the alpha particle and gold particle for example.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-02T01:56:21Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Mathematical Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. It also validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-02T01:53:26Z

Hguthrie6: /* A Mathematical Model */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. It also validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

Rutherford modeled the effect the alpha particle has on the electrons of the gold atom. He did this by calculating the potential electric energy between the particle and the atom using the formula below.

<math>{U_{elec}} = {\frac{1}{4πε_0}}{\frac{q_{α}q_{Au}}{r}} </math>

Where:

r = center to center distance between particle and atom

<math>{\frac{1}{4πε_0}} = {9*10^9}{\frac {N*m^2}{C^2}}</math>

<math>{q_α}</math> = charge of alpha particle

<math>{q_{Au}}</math> = charge of gold nucleus

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-12-02T00:49:30Z

Hguthrie6: /* Main Idea */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. It also validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-11-30T02:51:13Z

Hguthrie6: /* History */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. This experiment validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

With the knowledge of the plum pudding model of the atom, Ernst Rutherford and a small group of scientists set out to discover the properties behind alpha particles. The experiment, now known as the Gold Foil Experiment, was used to test this. It involved launching alpha particles at a small piece of gold foil. It was hypothesized that the alpha particle would be deflected at times, but at an angle because it was assumed that the alpha particle was more dense than the gold foil atom. They registered deflected particles through light emissions that would occur when the alpha particle hit the light source. Much to their surprise, some of the alpha particles they launched bounced straight back. This demonstrated that the gold particle was more massive than expected. It led to the discovery that the atom contained a positively charged nucleus. This was a major break through in the study of the atom in that it showed what the atoms composition was and how it act around other atoms.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-11-28T01:03:21Z

Hguthrie6: /* Connectedness */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. This experiment validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions

2015-11-28T01:03:06Z

Hguthrie6: /* Connectedness */

Claimed by: hguthrie6
The gold foil experiment helped make large discoveries in atomic physics.
==Main Idea==

This topic discusses how Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment helped to demonstrate the physics behind atomic collisions. The experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus. This experiment validates two laws of conservation, that of momentum and that of energy.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
This is topic is related to the study of biochemistry because without the discovery of the nucleus any progress in this field would be limited based on the interaction of atomic particles. This would also hinder the field medicine for very similar reason. Much of the understanding of sciences has its roots in the understanding of the atom and its functions. This experiment and the idea of atomic collisions helped to widen the atomic grasp.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]