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	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7116</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7116"/>
		<updated>2015-12-02T00:39:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2m, a width of 3m, and a length of 4m has an electric field of (0, -1400, 0) N uniformly covering all sides. What is the total electric flux of the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux= &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The electric field and area of each side are constant, so they can be pulled out of the integral to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*cosθ*A &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the front, back, left and right sides the angle between the normal and the electric field is 90 degrees, and cos(90)=0. For each of those sides, &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= E*0*A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; , so there is no electric flux through those sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the top, the normal points up and the electric field points down, so the angle between them is 180. cos(180)= -1. Electric field and the dimensions are plugged in to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 1400*-1*3*4 = -16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the bottom face, the normal points down and the electric field vector also points dowm, so the angles between them is 0. cos(0)=1. When the electric field and dimensions are plugged in the electric flux equals:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φbottom= 1400*1*3*4 = 16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The total electric flux is the sum of all of the fluxes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= -16800 +16800 +0 +0 +0 +0 = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Middle:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2 m, a width of 3 m, and a length of 4 m has an electric field, E1, of magnitude 900 N that points in the positive x and y with a 30 degree angle to the top surface and electrics field, E2, of magnitude 900 N in the negative x and y with a 30 degree angle to the bottom surface. How much charge is in the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pulling out the constant E and theta, and integrating dA give: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*A*cos(θ) &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The angle between the surface normal and the electric field is not given. &lt;br /&gt;
Making a right triangle using the normal and the electric field. The angles in a triangle must add up to 180 and two of them, 30 and 90, are known. The angle between the field and the normal must be 180- 90-30= 60. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The bottom surface is calculated the same way, and the angle between the electric field and the normal is found to be 60 degrees, so:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φbottom= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= 5400 +5400 = 10800 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; 10800 = {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; ε_0 = 8.84e-12 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Solving for Q gives: &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Q= {10800*8.84e-12}=  9.56e-8  &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; C&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Difficult:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2 m away from an unknown particle there is an electric field of magnitude 700 N pointing outward in all directions. What is the charge of the particle?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because the field is radiating outward and is constant at a given location from the particle, the closed surface used for Gauss&#039;s law should be a spherical shell of radius 2 m with the particle at the center. This allows the field to be perpendicular to the surface at any given location and constant over the closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; SA_sphere = 4\pi r^2&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; E*cos(θ)*4\pi r^2 = 700* cos(90)*4\pi r^2 = 0 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; 0 = {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Q= 0 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7098</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7098"/>
		<updated>2015-12-02T00:30:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2m, a width of 3m, and a length of 4m has an electric field of (0, -1400, 0) N uniformly covering all sides. What is the total electric flux of the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux= &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The electric field and area of each side are constant, so they can be pulled out of the integral to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*cosθ*A &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the front, back, left and right sides the angle between the normal and the electric field is 90 degrees, and cos(90)=0. For each of those sides, &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= E*0*A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; , so there is no electric flux through those sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the top, the normal points up and the electric field points down, so the angle between them is 180. cos(180)= -1. Electric field and the dimensions are plugged in to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 1400*-1*3*4 = -16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the bottom face, the normal points down and the electric field vector also points dowm, so the angles between them is 0. cos(0)=1. When the electric field and dimensions are plugged in the electric flux equals:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φbottom= 1400*1*3*4 = 16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The total electric flux is the sum of all of the fluxes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= -16800 +16800 +0 +0 +0 +0 = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Middle:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2 m, a width of 3 m, and a length of 4 m has an electric field, E1, of magnitude 900 N that points in the positive x and y with a 30 degree angle to the top surface and electrics field, E2, of magnitude 900 N in the negative x and y with a 30 degree angle to the bottom surface. How much charge is in the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pulling out the constant E and theta, and integrating dA give: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*A*cos(θ) &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The angle between the surface normal and the electric field is not given. &lt;br /&gt;
Making a right triangle using the normal and the electric field. The angles in a triangle must add up to 180 and two of them, 30 and 90, are known. The angle between the field and the normal must be 180- 90-30= 60. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The bottom surface is calculated the same way, and the angle between the electric field and the normal is found to be 60 degrees, so:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φbottom= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= 5400 +5400 = 10800 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; 10800 = {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; ε_0 = 8.84e-12 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Solving for Q gives: &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Q= {10800*8.84e-12}=  9.56e-8  &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; C&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Difficult:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2 m away from an unknown particle there is an electric field of magnitude 700 N pointing outward in all directions. What is the charge of the particle?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because the field is radiating outward and is constant at a given location from the particle, the closed surface used for Gauss&#039;s law should be a spherical shell of radius 2 m with the particle at the center. This allows the field to be perpendicular to the surface at any given location and constant over the closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; SA_sphere = 4\pi r^2&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; E*cos(θ)*4\pi r^2 = 700* cos(90)*4\pi r^2 = 0 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; 0 = {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Q= 0 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7089</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7089"/>
		<updated>2015-12-02T00:28:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2m, a width of 3m, and a length of 4m has an electric field of (0, -1400, 0) N uniformly covering all sides. What is the total electric flux of the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux= &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The electric field and area of each side are constant, so they can be pulled out of the integral to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*cosθ*A &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the front, back, left and right sides the angle between the normal and the electric field is 90 degrees, and cos(90)=0. For each of those sides, &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= E*0*A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; , so there is no electric flux through those sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the top, the normal points up and the electric field points down, so the angle between them is 180. cos(180)= -1. Electric field and the dimensions are plugged in to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 1400*-1*3*4 = -16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the bottom face, the normal points down and the electric field vector also points dowm, so the angles between them is 0. cos(0)=1. When the electric field and dimensions are plugged in the electric flux equals:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φbottom= 1400*1*3*4 = 16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The total electric flux is the sum of all of the fluxes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= -16800 +16800 +0 +0 +0 +0 = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Middle:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2 m, a width of 3 m, and a length of 4 m has an electric field, E1, of magnitude 900 N that points in the positive x and y with a 30 degree angle to the top surface and electrics field, E2, of magnitude 900 N in the negative x and y with a 30 degree angle to the bottom surface. How much charge is in the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pulling out the constant E and theta, and integrating dA give: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*A*cos(θ) &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The angle between the surface normal and the electric field is not given. &lt;br /&gt;
Making a right triangle using the normal and the electric field. The angles in a triangle must add up to 180 and two of them, 30 and 90, are known. The angle between the field and the normal must be 180- 90-30= 60. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The bottom surface is calculated the same way, and the angle between the electric field and the normal is found to be 60 degrees, so:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φbottom= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= 5400 +5400 = 10800 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; 10800 = {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; ε_0 = 8.84e-12 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Solving for Q gives: &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Q= {10800*8.84e-12}=  9.56e-8  &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; C&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Difficult:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2 m away from an unknown particle there is an electric field of magnitude 700 N pointing outward in all directions. What is the charge of the particle?&lt;br /&gt;
Because the field is radiating outward and is constant at a given location from the particle, the closed surface used for Gauss&#039;s law should be a spherical shell of radius 2 m with the particle at the center. This allows the field to be perpendicular to the surface at any given location and constant over the closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; SA sphere = 4\pi r^2&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; E*cos(θ)*4\pi r^2 = 700* cos(90)*4\pi r^2 = 0 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; 0 = {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Q= 0 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7028</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7028"/>
		<updated>2015-12-02T00:07:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2m, a width of 3m, and a length of 4m has an electric field of (0, -1400, 0) N uniformly covering all sides. What is the total electric flux of the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux= &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The electric field and area of each side are constant, so they can be pulled out of the integral to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*cosθ*A &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the front, back, left and right sides the angle between the normal and the electric field is 90 degrees, and cos(90)=0. For each of those sides, &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= E*0*A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; , so there is no electric flux through those sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the top, the normal points up and the electric field points down, so the angle between them is 180. cos(180)= -1. Electric field and the dimensions are plugged in to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 1400*-1*3*4 = -16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the bottom face, the normal points down and the electric field vector also points dowm, so the angles between them is 0. cos(0)=1. When the electric field and dimensions are plugged in the electric flux equals:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φbottom= 1400*1*3*4 = 16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The total electric flux is the sum of all of the fluxes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= -16800 +16800 +0 +0 +0 +0 = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Middle:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2 m, a width of 3 m, and a length of 4 m has an electric field, E1, of magnitude 900 N that points in the positive x and y with a 30 degree angle to the top surface and electrics field, E2, of magnitude 900 N in the negative x and y with a 30 degree angle to the bottom surface. How much charge is in the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pulling out the constant E and theta, and integrating dA give: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*A*cos(θ) &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The angle between the surface normal and the electric field is not given. &lt;br /&gt;
Making a right triangle using the normal and the electric field. The angles in a triangle must add up to 180 and two of them, 30 and 90, are known. The angle between the field and the normal must be 180- 90-30= 60. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The bottom surface is calculated the same way, and the angle between the electric field and the normal is found to be 60 degrees, so:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φbottom= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= 5400 +5400 = 10800 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; 10800 = {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; ε_0 = 8.84e-12 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Solving for Q gives: &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Q= {10800*8.84e-12}=  9.56e-8  &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; C&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Difficult:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7012</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=7012"/>
		<updated>2015-12-02T00:02:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2m, a width of 3m, and a length of 4m has an electric field of (0, -1400, 0) N uniformly covering all sides. What is the total electric flux of the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux= &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The electric field and area of each side are constant, so they can be pulled out of the integral to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*cosθ*A &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the front, back, left and right sides the angle between the normal and the electric field is 90 degrees, and cos(90)=0. For each of those sides, &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= E*0*A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; , so there is no electric flux through those sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the top, the normal points up and the electric field points down, so the angle between them is 180. cos(180)= -1. Electric field and the dimensions are plugged in to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 1400*-1*3*4 = -16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the bottom face, the normal points down and the electric field vector also points dowm, so the angles between them is 0. cos(0)=1. When the electric field and dimensions are plugged in the electric flux equals:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φbottom= 1400*1*3*4 = 16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The total electric flux is the sum of all of the fluxes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= -16800 +16800 +0 +0 +0 +0 = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Middle:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2 m, a width of 3 m, and a length of 4 m has an electric field, E1, of magnitude 900 N that points in the positive x and y with a 30 degree angle to the top surface and electrics field, E2, of magnitude 900 N in the negative x and y with a 30 degree angle to the bottom surface. How much charge is in the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pulling out the constant E and theta, and integrating dA give: electric flux= E*A*cos(θ)&lt;br /&gt;
The angle between the surface normal and the electric field is not given. &lt;br /&gt;
Making a right triangle using the normal and the electric field. The angles in a triangle must add up to 180 and two of them, 30 and 90, are known. The angle between the field and the normal must be 180- 90-30= 60. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The bottom surface is done the same way, and the angle between the electric field and the normal is found to be 60 degrees, so:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φbottom= 900*cos(60)*3*4= 5400 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= 5400 +5400 = 10800 &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; 10800 = {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
ε_0 = 8.84e-12&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
Solving for Q gives: &lt;br /&gt;
math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Q= {10800*8.84e-12}=9.56e-8 C &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Difficult:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=6591</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=6591"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T21:25:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2m, a width of 3m, and a length of 4m has an Electric field of (0, -1400, 0) N uniformly covering it. What is the total electric flux of the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux= &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The electric field and area of each side are constant, so they can be pulled out of the integral to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*cosθ*A &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the front, back, left and right sides the angle between the normal and the electric field is 90 degrees, and cos(90)=0. For each of those sides, &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= E*0*A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; , so there is no electric flux through those sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the top, the normal points up and the electric field points down, so the angle between them is 180. cos(180)= -1. Electric field and the dimensions are plugged in to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 1400*-1*3*4 = -16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the bottom face, the normal points down and the electric field vector also points dowm, so the angles between them is 0. cos(0)=1. When the electric field and dimensions are plugged in the electric flux equals:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φbottom= 1400*1*3*4 = 16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The total electric flux is the sum of all of the fluxes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= -16800 +16800 +0 +0 +0 +0 = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Middle:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Difficult:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5328</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5328"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T02:01:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}   Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text {Electric Flux:} Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2m, a width of 3m, and a length of 4m has an Electric field of (0, -1400, 0) N uniformly covering it. What is the total electric flux of the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux= &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The electric field and area of each side are constant, so they can be pulled out of the integral to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*cosθ*A &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the front, back, left and right sides the angle between the normal and the electric field is 90 degrees, and cos(90)=0. For each of those sides, &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= E*0*A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; , so there is no electric flux through those sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the top, the normal points up and the electric field points down, so the angle between them is 180. cos(180)= -1. Electric field and the dimensions are plugged in to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 1400*-1*3*4 = -16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the bottom face, the normal points down and the electric field vector also points dowm, so the angles between them is 0. cos(0)=1. When the electric field and dimensions are plugged in the electric flux equals:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φbottom= 1400*1*3*4 = 16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The total electric flux is the sum of all of the fluxes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= -16800 +16800 +0 +0 +0 +0 = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Middle:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Difficult:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5326</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5326"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T02:00:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}   Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text {Electric Flux:} Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Simple:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
A box with a height of 2m, a width of 3m, and a length of 4m has an Electric field of (0, -1400, 0) N uniformly covering it. What is the total electric flux of the box?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux= &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The electric field and area of each side are constant, so they can be pulled out of the integral to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φelectric= E*cosθ*A &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For the front, back, left and right sides the angle between the normal and the electric field is 90 degrees, and cos(90)=0. For each of those sides, &amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt; Φelectric= E*0*A&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; , so there is no electric flux through those sides. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the top, the normal points up and the electric field points down, so the angle between them is 180. cos(180)= -1. Electric field and the dimensions are plugged in to give:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtop= 1400*-1*3*4 = -16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the bottom face, the normal points down and the electric field vector also points dowm, so the angles between them is 0. cos(0)=1. When the electric field and dimensions are plugged in the electric flux equals:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φbottom= 1400*1*3*4 = 16,800&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The total electric flux is the sum of all of the fluxes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= Φtop + Φbottom + Φright + Φleft + Φfront + Φback&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Φtotal= -16800 +16800 +0 +0 +0 +0 = 0&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Middle:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Difficult:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5282</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5282"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T01:16:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}   Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text {Electric Flux:} Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Computational Model &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Simple&lt;br /&gt;
Middle&lt;br /&gt;
Difficult ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References&lt;br /&gt;
[http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1]&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%27s_law]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5277</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5277"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T01:14:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law can be applied to any closed surface and calculates the amount of charge enclosed based on the electric field at that closed surface. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}   Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text {Electric Flux:} Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Computational Model &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Simple&lt;br /&gt;
Middle&lt;br /&gt;
Difficult ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References&lt;br /&gt;
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5267</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5267"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T01:10:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law must be used along a closed surface, but any chosen surface that contains the same amount of charge will give the same answer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}   Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text {Electric Flux:} Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Computational Model &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Simple&lt;br /&gt;
Middle&lt;br /&gt;
Difficult ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Carl Gauss discovered this relation in 1835 and the equation was published in 1867. It is considered to be one of the four equations that are the basis for electrodynamics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References&lt;br /&gt;
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5254</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5254"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T01:04:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law relates the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law must be used along a closed surface, but any chosen surface that contains the same amount of charge will give the same answer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}   Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text {Electric Flux:} Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Computational Model &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Simple&lt;br /&gt;
Middle&lt;br /&gt;
Difficult ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References&lt;br /&gt;
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/gaulaw.html#c1&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5251</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5251"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T01:02:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law related the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law must be used along a closed surface, but any chosen surface that contains the same amount of charge will give the same answer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}   Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text {Electric Flux:} Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Where theta is the angle between the electric field vector and the surface normal. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combining these two equations into Gauss&#039;s law gives:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Computational Model &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Simple&lt;br /&gt;
Middle&lt;br /&gt;
Difficult ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5248</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5248"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T01:00:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law related the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law must be used along a closed surface, but any chosen surface that contains the same amount of charge will give the same answer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Electric Flux:}   Φelectric ={ Q \over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text {Electric Flux:} Φelectric= \int \ {\vec{E}cosθdA} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Computational Model &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Simple&lt;br /&gt;
Middle&lt;br /&gt;
Difficult ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5232</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5232"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T00:48:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: /* The Main Idea */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law related the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law must be used along a closed surface, but any chosen surface that contains the same amount of charge will give the same answer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;math display=&amp;quot;block&amp;quot;&amp;gt;\text{Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields:} \oint{ \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} } ⃗= {Q\over ε_0} &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Computational Model &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Simple&lt;br /&gt;
Middle&lt;br /&gt;
Difficult ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
References&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5226</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5226"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T00:33:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Main Idea ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law related the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law must be used along a closed surface, but any chosen surface that contains the same amount of charge will give the same answer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Mathematical Model&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
∮E ⃗∙dA ⃗ =Q/ε_0 .&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;A Computational Model &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript&lt;br /&gt;
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== Examples ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
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== Simple&lt;br /&gt;
Middle&lt;br /&gt;
Difficult ==&lt;br /&gt;
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== Connectedness ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
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== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
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See also&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
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Further reading&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
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External links&lt;br /&gt;
Internet resources on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
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References&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5219</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5219"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T00:24:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law related the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law must be used along a closed surface, but any chosen surface that contains the same amount of charge will give the same answer. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gauss&#039;s Law:&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Capture.jpg&amp;diff=5218</id>
		<title>File:Capture.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Capture.jpg&amp;diff=5218"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T00:23:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: Gauss&amp;#039;s Law for Electric Fields&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Gauss&#039;s Law for Electric Fields&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5217</id>
		<title>Electric Flux</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Flux&amp;diff=5217"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T00:23:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ericabush: Created page with &amp;quot;Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&amp;#039;s Law related the electric flux through an area...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Electric flux through an area is the electric field multiplied by the area of a plane that is perpendicular to the field. Gauss&#039;s Law related the electric flux through an area to the amount of charge enclosed in that area. Gauss&#039;s law must be used along a closed surface, but any chosen surface that contains the same amount of charge will give the same answer. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gauss&#039;s Law:&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:capture.jpg]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ericabush</name></author>
	</entry>
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