http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=AguptaPhysics Book - User contributions [en]2026-05-01T15:11:39ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.42.7http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26604Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:57:03Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
Parts Edited by Aditya Gupta: Alternate Cross Product Method and Associated examples. This includes all the images involving problems worked out by hand. In addition, answers related to 'Connectedness' were added. <br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.[[1]]<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
[[1]] NOTE:I did not devise this method, but simply learned it.<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Another Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
In the situation shown below, we have a current pointing downward or in the negative y direction and we have a magnetic field into the page or in the negative z direction. Instead of using the typical right hand rule, we can use easy cross product method below to find the direction of the force. <br />
<br />
[[File:1example1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
I have a genuine interest in its application to understanding and breaking down motion in three dimensions. Although, this is not strictly related to this class, it does involve physics very heavily. <br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
As a Mechanical Engineering major, this section is heavily related to a lot of what I do in many different classes. Knowing how to do cross products and the right hand rule has been crucial to understanding problems in Statics and Dynamics. In these classes, we deal with kinematics and kinetics in three dimensions and accordingly, the right hand rule and the alternate method of cross products are essential.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26584Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:53:05Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.[[1]]<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
[[1]] NOTE:I did not devise this method, but simply learned it.<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Another Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
In the situation shown below, we have a current pointing downward or in the negative y direction and we have a magnetic field into the page or in the negative z direction. Instead of using the typical right hand rule, we can use easy cross product method below to find the direction of the force. <br />
<br />
[[File:1example1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
I have a genuine interest in its application to understanding and breaking down motion in three dimensions. Although, this is not strictly related to this class, it does involve physics very heavily. <br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
As a Mechanical Engineering major, this section is heavily related to a lot of what I do in many different classes. Knowing how to do cross products and the right hand rule has been crucial to understanding problems in Statics and Dynamics. In these classes, we deal with kinematics and kinetics in three dimensions and accordingly, the right hand rule and the alternate method of cross products are essential.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26581Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:52:26Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.[[1]]<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
[[1]] I did not devise this method, but simply learned it.<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Another Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
In the situation shown below, we have a current pointing downward or in the negative y direction and we have a magnetic field into the page or in the negative z direction. Instead of using the typical right hand rule, we can use easy cross product method below to find the direction of the force. <br />
<br />
[[File:1example1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
I have a genuine interest in its application to understanding and breaking down motion in three dimensions. Although, this is not strictly related to this class, it does involve physics very heavily. <br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
As a Mechanical Engineering major, this section is heavily related to a lot of what I do in many different classes. Knowing how to do cross products and the right hand rule has been crucial to understanding problems in Statics and Dynamics. In these classes, we deal with kinematics and kinetics in three dimensions and accordingly, the right hand rule and the alternate method of cross products are essential.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26576Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:51:49Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.*<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
* I did not devise this method, but simply learned it.<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Another Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
In the situation shown below, we have a current pointing downward or in the negative y direction and we have a magnetic field into the page or in the negative z direction. Instead of using the typical right hand rule, we can use easy cross product method below to find the direction of the force. <br />
<br />
[[File:1example1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
I have a genuine interest in its application to understanding and breaking down motion in three dimensions. Although, this is not strictly related to this class, it does involve physics very heavily. <br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
As a Mechanical Engineering major, this section is heavily related to a lot of what I do in many different classes. Knowing how to do cross products and the right hand rule has been crucial to understanding problems in Statics and Dynamics. In these classes, we deal with kinematics and kinetics in three dimensions and accordingly, the right hand rule and the alternate method of cross products are essential.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26572Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:50:50Z<p>Agupta: /* Connectedness */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Another Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
In the situation shown below, we have a current pointing downward or in the negative y direction and we have a magnetic field into the page or in the negative z direction. Instead of using the typical right hand rule, we can use easy cross product method below to find the direction of the force. <br />
<br />
[[File:1example1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
I have a genuine interest in its application to understanding and breaking down motion in three dimensions. Although, this is not strictly related to this class, it does involve physics very heavily. <br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
As a Mechanical Engineering major, this section is heavily related to a lot of what I do in many different classes. Knowing how to do cross products and the right hand rule has been crucial to understanding problems in Statics and Dynamics. In these classes, we deal with kinematics and kinetics in three dimensions and accordingly, the right hand rule and the alternate method of cross products are essential.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26524Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:43:16Z<p>Agupta: /* Another Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Another Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
In the situation shown below, we have a current pointing downward or in the negative y direction and we have a magnetic field into the page or in the negative z direction. Instead of using the typical right hand rule, we can use easy cross product method below to find the direction of the force. <br />
<br />
[[File:1example1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26522Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:43:00Z<p>Agupta: /* Examples */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Another Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
In the situation shown below, we have a current pointing downward or in the negative y direction and we have a magnetic field into the page or in the negative z direction. Instead of using the typical right hand rule, we can use easy cross product method below to find the direction of the force. <br />
[[File:1example1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:1example1.jpg&diff=26498File:1example1.jpg2016-11-28T03:40:39Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26453Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:32:42Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Right Hand Rule */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26450Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:32:10Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Right Hand Rule */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that :<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math> <br />
<br />
Instead of using our right hand, we can just use the method pictured below to find the direction of the magnetic force given the direction of the moving particle and the magnetic field. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26414Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:27:21Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26406Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:26:39Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26296Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:03:14Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:1problem7.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26286Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:01:36Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:1problem6.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26271Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T03:00:27Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem3.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:1problem5.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26261Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T02:59:11Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem2.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
[[File:1problem4.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26251Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T02:57:47Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:1problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below.<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=26208Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T02:52:49Z<p>Agupta: /* The Main Idea */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
[[File:1Problem1.jpg]]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:1problem6.jpg&diff=26198File:1problem6.jpg2016-11-28T02:52:01Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:1problem5.jpg&diff=26194File:1problem5.jpg2016-11-28T02:51:20Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:1problem3.jpg&diff=26146File:1problem3.jpg2016-11-28T02:46:08Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:1problem1.jpg&diff=26137File:1problem1.jpg2016-11-28T02:44:15Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=25897Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T01:45:58Z<p>Agupta: /* Examples */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
[[File:Cross Product Circle.jpg]]<br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Cross_Product_Calculation.jpg&diff=25885File:Cross Product Calculation.jpg2016-11-28T01:43:36Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:The_Cross_Product_Circle.jpg&diff=25881File:The Cross Product Circle.jpg2016-11-28T01:42:23Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=25799Right-Hand Rule2016-11-28T01:22:29Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in a more an intuitive manner.<br />
<br />
This is a method I picked up a while back and has been proving quite useful since.**<br />
<br />
It involves structuring the three components in a circle and assigning a clockwise direction around this circle. <br />
<br />
Every time you cross one component with another component that can be reached clockwise on on the next move around the circle, you know that you will have a positive direction in the direction of the third direction. <br />
<br />
This can be seen in the attached picture below. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
In order to quickly solve a cross product using this alternate method, see the image below. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
===Alternate Right Hand Rule===<br />
<br />
If you are like me, again, and constantly forget how to utilize the right hand rule correctly, there is a very simple trick associated with this method that can help. <br />
<br />
Let us take a simple physics problem as an example.<br />
We know that <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
** Note: This is not a method I have devised.<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=25232Right-Hand Rule2016-11-27T22:37:15Z<p>Agupta: /* Alternate Method */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===Alternate Method=== <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in an (I believe) more an intuitive manner. <br />
<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=25230Right-Hand Rule2016-11-27T22:36:38Z<p>Agupta: /* The Main Idea */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
=Alternate Method= <br />
If you are like me and for some particular reason it was hard to grasp the traditional method of carrying out a cross product, fear not! There is an alternate method that will lead you to the same answer in an (I believe) more an intuitive manner. <br />
<br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=25215Right-Hand Rule2016-11-27T22:29:39Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT (FALL 2016) '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Right-Hand_Rule&diff=25212Right-Hand Rule2016-11-27T22:29:21Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''CLAIMED BY Kavin Somu (Fall 2016) CLAIMED BY Aditya Gupta TO EDIT FALL 2016 '''<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is an easy way to find the direction of a cross product interaction before doing the math. For any equation involving a cross product, the right hand rule is a valuable tool for finding the direction. There are two primary ways of using the right hand rule. The first method is to use your entire hand. In the example below, the velocity is pointing north up and the magnetic field is pointing to the left. We place our hand with your thumb sticking up along the velocity since thats the first variable in F= qv X B. You curl your fingers towards the magnetic field. Your thumb is pointing upwards hence the direction of magnetic force is going out of the page. It is important to note that this only applies to positive charges. However, it is still very easy to find the direction of the right hand rule for negative charges. It is just the opposite direction for what you would do for positive charges.<br />
<br />
[[File:RightHand1.png]][[File:RightHand2.png]]<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
The Right-Hand Rule is mathamatically modeled by the cross product:<br />
:<math>\mathbf{u\times v}=(u_2v_3\mathbf{i}+u_3v_1\mathbf{j}+u_1v_2\mathbf{k})<br />
-(u_3v_2\mathbf{i}+u_1v_3\mathbf{j}+u_2v_1\mathbf{k})<br />
</math><br />
<br />
===A Computational Model===<br />
<br />
The cross product is used to describe many magnetic interactions, for example, magnetic field created by a moving charge or a current and magnetic force on a particle by a magnetic field. Because of this, using the right hand rule, to determine the direction of a cross product, can be a useful to check behind the math for sign errors.<br />
<br />
Follow the chart bellow to find which fingers correspond to which vectors.<br />
<br />
:<math>\mathbf{A\times B}=\mathbf{C}</math><br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
|- <br />
! Vector !! Right-hand !! Right-hand (alternative)<br />
|- <br />
| A || First or index || Thumb<br />
|- <br />
| B || Second finger or palm || First or index<br />
|- <br />
| C || Thumb || Second finger or palm<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Another method for determining the direction of the product orthogonal vector is to place the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the first vector(A). Curl your fingers in the direction of the second vector(B), effectively making the "thumbs up" sign in whichever direction the thumb happens to be pointing. The resulting vector(C) is in the direction in which your thumb is now pointing.<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Force on a Moving Particle===<br />
:<math>\mathbf{F} = q\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the momentum vector qv.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a positively charged particle moving to the right, in a region where the magnetic field points up, the resultant force points out of the page.<br />
<br />
===Magnetic Field made by a Current===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{B} = \frac{\mu_0I}{4\pi}\int_{\mathrm{wire}}\frac{\mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{\ell} \times \mathbf{\hat r}}{r^2},</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The thumb points in the direction of current I.<br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the observation vector r.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
<br />
===Force on a Current from a Magnetic Field===<br />
:<math> \mathbf{F} = \mathbf{I} \times \mathbf{B}</math><br />
<br />
The direction of the cross product may be found by application of the right hand rule as follows: <br />
# The index finger points in the direction of the current I.<br />
# The middle finger points in the direction of the magnetic field vector B.<br />
# The thumb points in the direction of magnetic force F.<br />
<br />
For example, for a current moving into the page, in a region where the magnetic field points up, then the force is to the right of the current.<br />
<br />
===Hall Effect Example===<br />
<br />
[[File:HallEffect.jpg]]<br />
<br />
In the above picture, you see that all the positive charges accumulated at the top and all the negative charges accumulated to the bottom. You know the direction the particles velocity and magnetic field. Can you find out the charge of the particle using the right hand rule?<br />
<br />
In the picture, the particles are coming out of the negative terminal, so they are electrons. This can be verified by using the right hand rule. You curl your fingers from velocity vector to magnetic field vector to find the direction of magnetic force perpendicular. Your thumb is pointing up, but since these are negative charges, its opposite and you flip your hand and you find that the direction of the magnetic force is actually pointing down. Therefore it makes sense that the electrons would accumulate at the bottom since its magnetic force is pushing them towards there.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
<br />
1. How is the topic connected to something you are interested in?<br />
<br />
I am interested in its application to the Hall Effect on how charges accumulate in a conductor. I just fine it so interesting that such a simple tool allows us to find the direction of forcess, moving objects, and many other useful applications.<br />
<br />
2. How is it connected to your major?<br />
<br />
As an industrial engineer, it has little application directly however, for those working in engineering physics and need to come up with a design. They could run into problems involving forces and velocity that require the right hand rule.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
John Ambrose Fleming is credited with devising the right hand rule. He was a professor at the University College, London where he was liked by many of his students. He taught them how to easily determine the direction of a current. He made directional relationships easier between current, its magnetic field, and the electromotive force. <br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
===External Links===<br />
<br />
#https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/physical-processes/magnetism-mcat/a/using-the-right-hand-rule<br />
#https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/physics/8-02t-electricity-and-magnetism-spring-2005/lecture-notes/prs_w06d1.pdf<br />
#http://physics.bu.edu/~duffy/semester2/d12_RHR_practice.html<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right-hand_rule<br />
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field<br />
#https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/pioneers/john-ambrose-fleming<br />
<br />
<br />
--[[User:Cjacobson7|Cjacobson7]] ([[User talk:Cjacobson7|talk]]) 13:45, 10 November 2015 (EST)<br />
<br />
[[Category:Fields]]</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Magnetic_Field_of_a_Disk&diff=25160Magnetic Field of a Disk2016-11-27T22:08:30Z<p>Agupta: /* 1 The Main Idea */</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
Template<br />
Short Description of Topic<br />
<br />
==Contents [hide]== <br />
==1 The Main Idea==<br />
Through this page, you will understand how to solve for the magnetic field produced by a moving charged, circular disk. <br />
<br />
First, let us start with the basics. We know that moving charges spread out over the surface of an object will produce a magnetic field. This is similar to the concept of how charges spread out over an object allowed them to produce unique electric fields. <br />
<br />
In order to figure out this magnetic field, we will start from the fundamental principles that we have learned already with regards to how magnetic fields are produced. We will then build on that and include the geometry of the object in question, in this a circular disk, in order to solve for the magnetic field produced by this disk.<br />
<br />
==1.1 A Mathematical Model==<br />
==2 Examples==<br />
==2.1 Simple==<br />
==2.2 Middling==<br />
==2.3 Difficult==<br />
==3 Connectedness==<br />
==4 History==<br />
==5 See also==<br />
==5.1 Further reading==<br />
==5.2 External links==<br />
==6 References==<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
==A Mathematical Model==<br />
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example dp⃗ dtsystem=F⃗ net<br />
dp→dtsystem=F→net<br />
where p is the momentum of the system and F is the net force from the surroundings.<br />
<br />
A Computational Model<br />
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible<br />
<br />
==Simple==<br />
==Middling==<br />
==Difficult==<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
How is it connected to your major?<br />
Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
==History==<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
Internet resources on this topic</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Magnetic_Field_of_a_Disk&diff=25151Magnetic Field of a Disk2016-11-27T22:01:58Z<p>Agupta: </p>
<hr />
<div><br />
Template<br />
Short Description of Topic<br />
<br />
==Contents [hide]== <br />
==1 The Main Idea==<br />
==1.1 A Mathematical Model==<br />
==2 Examples==<br />
==2.1 Simple==<br />
==2.2 Middling==<br />
==2.3 Difficult==<br />
==3 Connectedness==<br />
==4 History==<br />
==5 See also==<br />
==5.1 Further reading==<br />
==5.2 External links==<br />
==6 References==<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
==A Mathematical Model==<br />
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example dp⃗ dtsystem=F⃗ net<br />
dp→dtsystem=F→net<br />
where p is the momentum of the system and F is the net force from the surroundings.<br />
<br />
A Computational Model<br />
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible<br />
<br />
==Simple==<br />
==Middling==<br />
==Difficult==<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
How is it connected to your major?<br />
Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
==History==<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
==Further reading==<br />
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
Internet resources on this topic</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Magnetic_Field_of_a_Disk&diff=25068Magnetic Field of a Disk2016-11-27T21:05:29Z<p>Agupta: Created page with " Template Short Description of Topic Contents [hide] 1 The Main Idea 1.1 A Mathematical Model 1.2 A Computational Model 2 Examples 2.1 Simple 2.2 Middling 2.3 Difficult 3 Co..."</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
Template<br />
Short Description of Topic<br />
<br />
Contents [hide] <br />
1 The Main Idea<br />
1.1 A Mathematical Model<br />
1.2 A Computational Model<br />
2 Examples<br />
2.1 Simple<br />
2.2 Middling<br />
2.3 Difficult<br />
3 Connectedness<br />
4 History<br />
5 See also<br />
5.1 Further reading<br />
5.2 External links<br />
6 References<br />
The Main Idea<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
A Mathematical Model<br />
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example dp⃗ dtsystem=F⃗ net<br />
dp→dtsystem=F→net<br />
where p is the momentum of the system and F is the net force from the surroundings.<br />
<br />
A Computational Model<br />
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript<br />
<br />
Examples<br />
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible<br />
<br />
Simple<br />
Middling<br />
Difficult<br />
Connectedness<br />
How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
How is it connected to your major?<br />
Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
History<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
See also<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
Further reading<br />
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br />
<br />
External links<br />
Internet resources on this topic</div>Aguptahttp://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=25066Main Page2016-11-27T21:03:39Z<p>Agupta: /* Georgia Tech Student Wiki for Introductory Physics. */</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
= '''Georgia Tech Student Wiki for Introductory Physics.''' =<br />
<br />
This resource was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it for future students!<br />
<br />
Looking to make a contribution?<br />
#Pick one of the topics from intro physics listed below<br />
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* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]<br />
* A wiki written for students by a physics expert [http://p3server.pa.msu.edu/coursewiki/doku.php?id=183_notes MSU Physics Wiki]<br />
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* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]<br />
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]<br />
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]<br />
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]<br />
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]<br />
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]<br />
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]<br />
* A page for review of [[Vectors]] and vector operations<br />
* A listing of [[Notable Scientist]] with links to their individual pages <br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="float:left; width:30%; padding:1%;"><br />
==Physics 1==<br />
===Week 1===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Help with VPython====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[VPython]]<br />
*[[VPython basics]]<br />
*[[VPython Common Errors and Troubleshooting]]<br />
*[[VPython Functions]]<br />
*[[VPython Lists]]<br />
*[[VPython Loops]]<br />
*[[VPython Multithreading]]<br />
*[[VPython Animation]]<br />
*[[VPython Objects]]<br />
*[[VPython 3D Objects]]<br />
*[[VPython Reference]]<br />
*[[VPython MapReduceFilter]]<br />
*[[VPython GUIs]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Vectors and Units====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Vectors]]<br />
*[[SI Units]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Interactions====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Types of Interactions and How to Detect Them]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Velocity and Momentum====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Velocity]]<br />
*[[Mass]]<br />
*[[Speed and Velocity]]<br />
*[[Relative Velocity]]<br />
*[[Derivation of Average Velocity]]<br />
*[[2-Dimensional Motion]]<br />
*[[3-Dimensional Position and Motion]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 2===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Momentum and the Momentum Principle====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Momentum Principle]]<br />
*[[Inertia]]<br />
*[[Net Force]]<br />
*[[Derivation of the Momentum Principle]]<br />
*[[Impulse Momentum]]<br />
*[[Acceleration]]<br />
*[[Momentum with respect to external Forces]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Iterative Prediction with a Constant Force====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Newton’s Second Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Iterative Prediction]]<br />
*[[Kinematics]]<br />
*[[Newton’s Laws and Linear Momentum]]<br />
*[[Projectile Motion]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 3===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Analytic Prediction with a Constant Force====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Analytical Prediction]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Iterative Prediction with a Varying Force====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]<br />
*[[Spring Force]]<br />
*[[Hooke's Law]]<br />
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]<br />
*[[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]<br />
*[[Terminal Speed]]<br />
*[[Determinism]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 4===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Fundamental Interactions====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Gravitational Force]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Reciprocity]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 5===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Conservation of Momentum====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Conservation of Momentum]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Properties of Matter====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Kinds of Matter]]<br />
*[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]<br />
*[[Density]]<br />
*[[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]<br />
*[[Young's Modulus]]<br />
*[[Speed of Sound in Solids]]<br />
*[[Malleability]]<br />
*[[Ductility]]<br />
*[[Weight]]<br />
*[[Hardness]]<br />
*[[Boiling Point]]<br />
*[[Melting Point]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 6===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Identifying Forces====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Free Body Diagram]]<br />
*[[Inclined Plane]]<br />
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]<br />
*[[Tension]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Curving Motion====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Curving Motion]]<br />
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]<br />
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 7===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Energy Principle====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[The Energy Principle]]<br />
*[[Conservation of Energy]]<br />
*[[Kinetic Energy]]<br />
*[[Work]]<br />
*[[Power (Mechanical)]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 8===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Work by Non-Constant Forces====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Work Done By A Nonconstant Force]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Potential Energy====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Potential Energy of Macroscopic Springs]]<br />
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Ball and Spring Model]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Energy Graphs]]<br />
*[[Escape Velocity]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 9===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Multiparticle Systems====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Center of Mass]]<br />
*[[Multi-particle analysis of Momentum]]<br />
*[[Momentum with respect to external Forces]]<br />
*[[Potential Energy of a Multiparticle System]]<br />
*[[Work and Energy for an Extended System]]<br />
*[[Internal Energy]]<br />
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 10===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Choice of System====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[System & Surroundings]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Thermal Energy, Dissipation and Transfer of Energy====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Thermal Energy]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat]]<br />
*[[Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[First Law of Thermodynamics]]<br />
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]<br />
*[[Temperature]]<br />
*[[Predicting Change]]<br />
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]<br />
*[[Transformation of Energy]]<br />
*[[The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution]]<br />
*[[Air Resistance]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Rotational and Vibrational Energy====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 11===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Different Models of a System====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Point Particle Systems]]<br />
*[[Real Systems]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Models of Friction====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Friction]]<br />
*[[Static Friction]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 12===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Collisions====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Collisions]]<br />
*[[Elastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]<br />
*[[Scattering: Collisions in 2D and 3D]]<br />
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Coefficient of Restitution]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 13===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Rotations====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Rotation]]<br />
*[[Angular Velocity]]<br />
*[[Eulerian Angles]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Angular Momentum====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Total Angular Momentum]]<br />
*[[Translational Angular Momentum]]<br />
*[[Rotational Angular Momentum]]<br />
*[[The Angular Momentum Principle]]<br />
*[[Angular Momentum Compared to Linear Momentum]]<br />
*[[Angular Impulse]]<br />
*[[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]<br />
*[[Angular Momentum of Multiparticle Systems]]<br />
*[[The Moments of Inertia]]<br />
*[[Moment of Inertia for a cylinder]]<br />
*[[Right Hand Rule]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 14===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Analyzing Motion with and without Torque====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Torque]]<br />
*[[Torque 2]]<br />
*[[Systems with Zero Torque]]<br />
*[[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]<br />
*[[Torque vs Work]]<br />
*[[Gyroscopes]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 15===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Introduction to Quantum Concepts====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Bohr Model]]<br />
*[[Energy graphs and the Bohr model]]<br />
*[[Quantized energy levels]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="float:left; width:30%; padding:1%;"><br />
==Physics 2==<br />
===Week 1===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====3D Vectors====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Vectors]]<br />
*[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br />
*[[Right Hand Rule]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Electric field====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electric Field]]<br />
*[[Electric Field and Electric Potential]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Electric force====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
Aniruddha Nadkarni<br />
<br />
====Electric field of a point particle====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Point Charge]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Superposition====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Superposition Principle]]<br />
*[[Superposition principle]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Dipoles====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electric Dipole]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Dipole]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 2===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Interactions of charged objects====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electric Field]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Tape experiments====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Polarization]]<br />
*[[Electric Polarization]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Polarization====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Polarization]]<br />
*[[Electric Polarization]]<br />
*[[Polarization of an Atom]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 3===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Insulators====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Insulators]]<br />
*[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br />
*[[Charged Conductor and Charged Insulator]]<br />
*[[Charged conductor and charged insulator]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Conductors====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Conductivity]]<br />
*[[Charge Transfer]]<br />
*[[Resistivity]]<br />
*[[Polarization of a conductor]]<br />
*[[Charged Conductor and Charged Insulator]]<br />
*[[Charged conductor and charged insulator]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Charging and discharging====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Charge Transfer]]<br />
*[[Electrostatic Discharge]]<br />
*[[Charged Conductor and Charged Insulator]]<br />
*[[Charged conductor and charged insulator]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 4===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Field of a charged rod====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Charged Rod]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Field of a charged ring/disk/capacitor====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Charged Ring]]<br />
*[[Charged Disk]]<br />
*[[Charged Capacitor]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Field of a charged sphere====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Charged Spherical Shell]]<br />
*[[Field of a Charged Ball]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 5===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Potential energy====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Potential Energy - Claimed by Janki Patel]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Electric potential====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Potential Difference Path Independence, claimed by Aditya Mohile]] <br />
*[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]<br />
*[[Potential Difference of Point Charge in a Non-Uniform Field]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Sign of a potential difference====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Sign of a Potential Difference]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Potential at a single location====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Potential Difference at One Location]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Path independence and round trip potential====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Potential Difference Path Independence, claimed by Aditya Mohile]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 6===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Electric field and potential in an insulator====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br />
*[[Electric Field in an Insulator]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Moving charges in a magnetic field====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Magnetic Field]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
*[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Biot-Savart Law====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Biot-Savart Law]]<br />
*[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Moving charges, electron current, and conventional current====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Moving Point Charge]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 7===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Magnetic field of a wire====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Magnetic field of a current-carrying loop====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Magnetic field of a Charged Disk====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Magnetic Field of a Disk]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Magnetic dipoles====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]<br />
*[[Bar Magnet]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Atomic structure of magnets====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Atomic Structure of Magnets]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 8===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Steady state current====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Steady State]]<br />
*[[Non Steady State]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Node rule====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Node Rule]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Electric fields and energy in circuits====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Series circuit]]<br />
*[[Node Rule]]<br />
*[[Loop Rule]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential Difference]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Macroscopic analysis of circuits====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Series Circuits]]<br />
*[[Parallel CIrcuits]]<br />
*[[Parallel Circuits vs. Series Circuits*]]<br />
*[[Loop Rule]]<br />
*[[Node Rule]]<br />
*[[Fundamentals of Resistance]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 9===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Electric field and potential in circuits with capacitors====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]<br />
*[[RC Circuit]] <br />
*[[R Circuit]]<br />
*[[AC and DC]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Magnetic forces on charges and currents====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
*[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
*[[Applying Magnetic Force to Currents]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Force in a Moving Reference Frame]]<br />
*[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br />
*[[Analysis of Railgun vs Coil gun technologies]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Electric and magnetic forces====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
*[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
*[[VPython Modelling of Electric and Magnetic Forces]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Velocity selector====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
*[[Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 10===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====The Hall effect====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Hall Effect]]<br />
*[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br />
*[[Motional Emf]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Torque]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Motional EMF====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Motional Emf]]<br />
*[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Magnetic force====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
*[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Magnetic torque====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Magnetic Torque]]<br />
*[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 12===<br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Gauss's Law====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]<br />
*[[Gauss's Law]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Flux]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Ampere's Law====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Field of a Long Thick Wire Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Field of a Toroid Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[The Differential Form of Ampere's Law]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 13===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Semiconductors====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Semiconductor Devices]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Faraday's Law====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Faraday's Law]]<br />
*[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]<br />
*[[Lenz's Law]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Maxwell's equations====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Gauss's Law]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Flux]]<br />
*[[Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Faraday's Law]]<br />
*[[Maxwell's Electromagnetic Theory]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 14===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Circuits revisited====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
<br />
*[[RLC Circuits]]<br />
*[[LR Circuits]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
====Inductors====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Inductors]]<br />
*[[Current in an LC Circuit]]<br />
*[[Current in an RL Circuit]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 15===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
==== Electromagnetic Radiation ====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electromagnetic Radiation]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Sparks in the air====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Sparks in Air]]<br />
*[[Spark Plugs]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Superconductors====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Superconducters]]<br />
*[[Superconductors]]<br />
*[[Meissner effect]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div style="float:left; width:30%; padding:1%;"><br />
<br />
==Physics 3==<br />
<br />
===Week 1===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Classical Physics====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 2===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Special Relativity====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Frame of Reference]]<br />
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]<br />
*[[Time Dilation]]<br />
*[[Einstein's Theory of General Relativity]]<br />
*[[Albert A. Micheleson & Edward W. Morley]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Force in a Moving Reference Frame]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 3===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Photons====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Spontaneous Photon Emission]]<br />
*[[Light Scattering: Why is the Sky Blue]]<br />
*[[Lasers]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]<br />
*[[Quantum Properties of Light]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 4===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Matter Waves====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 5===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Wave Mechanics====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Standing Waves]]<br />
*[[Wavelength]]<br />
*[[Wavelength and Frequency]]<br />
*[[Mechanical Waves]]<br />
*[[Transverse and Longitudinal Waves]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 6===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Rutherford-Bohr Model====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Bohr Model]]<br />
*[[Quantized energy levels]]<br />
*[[Energy graphs and the Bohr model]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 7===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====The Hydrogen Atom====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Quantum Theory]]<br />
*[[Atomic Theory]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 8===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Many-Electron Atoms====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Quantum Theory]]<br />
*[[Atomic Theory]]<br />
*[[Pauli exclusion principle]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 9===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Molecules====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 10===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Statistical Physics====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 11===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Condensed Matter Physics====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 12===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====The Nucleus====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 13===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Nuclear Physics====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Nuclear Fission]]<br />
*[[Nuclear Energy from Fission and Fusion]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
===Week 14===<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
====Particle Physics====<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Elementary Particles and Particle Physics Theory]]<br />
*[[String Theory]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
</div></div>Agupta